As you can see, the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands all play a part in managing your cortisol levels. Both the hypothalamus and pituitary gland can sense if your blood contains the right amount of cortisol and will signal the adrenals to adjust appropriately as needed.

Cortisol gets a pretty bad reputation overall, but it's important to recognize that it's not inherently negative - we need it to be in balance. So, when is cortisol typically released?

Characteristics of Balanced Cortisol:

• Manages your body's use of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
• Keeps tissue inflammation down
• Regulates blood pressure
• Increases blood sugar levels (super helpful during training!)
• Governs our sleep/wake cycle
• Increases energy during stressful moments and helps us recover afterward

After waking up, experiencing a stressful situation, or strength training, cortisol levels should drop back to normal along with blood pressure. But what happens if that useful alarm doesn't turn off?

Effects of Too Much Cortisol:

• Weight gain or inability to lose weight... regardless of exercise/nutrition!
• Breakdown of muscle, which leads to a slowed metabolism and reduced athletic performance
• Anxiety and depression
• Headaches
• Difficulty with memory and concentration
• Digestive issues
• Irregular sleep cycles and insomnia - i.e. tired but wired
• Increased risk of heart disease (in severe cases)

Effects of Too Little Cortisol:

• Fatigue
• Muscle weakness that grows worse over time
• Loss of appetite and bodyweight
• Low blood pressure
• Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting (in severe cases)

Keeping Cortisol Balanced

Here are the top six ways to keep cortisol in balance:

1. Get Enough Sleep. As cortisol functions to keep us awake, it is naturally released upon rising. However, if we are stressed before bed or practice irregular sleep patterns, our natural rhythm of cortisol production can be thrown off. Check out our previous email about sleep for tips on how to get more shut eye.
    
2. Exercise Regularly w/ Breaks. Cortisol is naturally released when we perform moderate to high intensity for 60 minutes or less. This is a good thing! Cortisol helps to assimilate nutrients, release glucose into the bloodstream to be used for energy, and increases blood pressure to move our blood into our tissues effectively. Beyond 60 minutes of intense exercise (not including warm-up, cool-down, or mobility work) teeters into over-training, especially for consecutive days and weeks. That's why it's equally important implement complete rest days each week as well as rest weeks every 6-12 weeks. That's right, we said rest WEEKS.
    
3. Meditate. Even if it's 5 minutes! If you are new to meditation, try a guided meditation full with discussion, explanation, and deep calm vibes.
    
4. Laugh and have fun! The sheer act of laughter helps to improve circulation AND reduces the impacts of stress. 
    
5. Take a deep breath. Abdominal breathing for 20-30 minutes each day has been proven to reduce anxiety and stress. This increases the supply of oxygen to your brain and stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes a state of calm. New to breath work? Join us for a guided breath work session. 
    
6. Watch what you put in your body. This isn't just about food - it's about all consumption. News, negative self-talk, and our environment impacts stress levels. Of course, reducing items like alcohol, refined sugar, and stimulants will help to reduce cortisol production and inflammation. Choose unprocessed, whole foods whenever possible with a sufficient protein at each meal to regulate your blood sugar levels.

P.S. Looking for more nutrition, health, and training support? Here are 3 ways we can help you: 

(1) GET LEAN → If you’re ready to permanently lose at least 10 pounds in as little as 8 weeks or want to maximize your performance and muscle tone, then book a call with us. Our clients are still losing weight, even in a pandemic! 

(2) WORKOUT AT HOME → no gym, limited equipment, no problem! The full-body workouts in our training app are designed to help you burn body fat all over, increase your metabolism, and build lean muscle mass.

(3) WATCH OUR FREE MASTERCLASS → discover the 3-step system in our Diet Ditching Method Masterclass that helps you activate your natural weight loss code without restricting your favorite foods or exercising excessively!